Fibre to Fabric

Cotton, silk and wool.

Yarns.

Natural fibres and synthetic fibres are the two types of fibres.

Cotton and wool.

Natural

True

Silkworm.

Plants and animals.

Synthetic.

Nylon and acrylic are synthetic fibres.

False

Cotton and jute are obtained from plants.

Wool and silk are obtained from animals.

Cotton wool is grown in places having black soil and warm climate.

Cotton bolls

Black

Jute fibre is obtained from the stem of jute plant.

Hand

Jute plant is cultivated during rainy season.

Ginning

West Bengal and Bihar

Flowering stage

Maharashtra

The process of making yarn from fibres is called spinning

Charkha

Weaving and knitting

True

Looms

In knitting, a single yarn is used to make a piece of fabric.

Looms are either hand operated or power operated.

Socks

Jute bags and ropes

Flax and cotton plant

Fabrics, yarns.

Spinning

Mahatma Gandhi

Wool is obtained from animals whereas cotton is obtained from plants

Mats and baskets

Yarns are made from fibre which further makes fabric.

There is an enormous variety in fabrics, with many different national, historical and regional varieties.Almost all of the other types of fabric are variants or blends of just five basic fabric types (silk, cotton, linen, wool and worsted)

Worsted-spun yarns, used to create worsted fabric, are spun from fibres that have been combed, to ensure that the fibres all run the same direction, butt-end (for wool, the end that was cut in shearing the sheep) to tip, and remain parallel. A short draw is used in spinning worsted fibres

Woolen yarn is soft, light, stretchy, and full of air. It is thus a good insulator.

Silkaline is a silk-like fabric. It is soft and thin, and is usually constructed using a plain weave.

Velvet is a type of woven tufted fabric in which the cut threads are evenly distributed, with a short dense pile, giving it a distinctive feel.

A plain warp-knitted fabric (as of nylon, wool, rayon, silk, or cotton) with a close inelastic knit and used especially in clothing (such as underwear)

Cotton is one of the most common natural fiber fabrics out there, cotton will help you stay cool and chic this summer.

Wool fabric is too warm to made diapers,summer dress.Also its not water resistant to made raincoat.

Crepe is a silk, wool, or synthetic fiber fabric with a distinctively crisp, crimped appearance.

Brocade is a class of richly decorative shuttle-woven fabrics, often made in colored silks and with or without gold and silver threads.

Cashmere is made from the soft undercoats of cashmere goats.

Rampur bushair is brown fleece found in Uttar Pradesh and Himanchal Pradesh

Any fabric that has a pattern woven into the fabric rather than printed on it is a jacquard. Brocade and damask are types of jacquard woven fabrics. The fabric can be made with natural or synthetic fibers.

Linen fibers are more strong and lustrous than cotton.Linen fabric is made from the cellulose fibers.

Lycra is the trademarked spandex fiber produced by DuPont. It is lightweight and soft, but stronger and more durable than rubber and is used in compression garments, swimwear.

Modal is made with cellulose from beech trees and is essentially a variety of rayon. Garments made in modal have anti-crease properties and are relatively easy care.

Polyester has high strength, excellent resiliency and high abrasion resistance. Low absorbency allows the fiber to dry quickly.

A silk-like fabric made from wood pulp, cotton linters, or other vegetable matter. It is a comfortable, but weak, fabric against the skin and absorbs moisture.

A woven type of fabric with the characteristic of being highly lustrous on one side, and matte on the other.

A natural filament fiber produced by the silkworm in the construction of its cocoon. Most silk is collected from cultivated caterpillars.

Natural fibers are defined as substances produced by plants and animals that can be spun into filament, thread or rope and further be woven, knitted, matted or bound.

Plants and animals are natural source of getting fibres.

Leatherette. Leatherette is a form of artificial leather, usually made by covering a fabric base with plastic. The fabric can be made of a natural or a synthetic fibre which is then covered with a soft PVC layer.

Silk reeling is the process by which a number of cocoon baves are reeled together to produce a single thread. This is achieved by unwinding filaments collectively from a group of cooked cocoons at one end in a warm water bath and winding the resultant thread onto a fast moving reel.

Synthetic (chemically produced) fabrics are made by joining monomers into polymers, through a process called polymerization.

Acrylic is lightweight, soft, and warm, with a wool-like feel.

The process of making yarn from fiber is called spinning. In this process,fibers from a mass of cotton, wool etc are drawn out and twisted.

Camel hair of cloth made from pure camel hair or a blend of camel hair and another fiber. The outer protective fur (guard hair) is coarse and inflexible and can be woven into haircloth. Guard hair can be made soft and plush by blending it, especially with wool.

Oil lamp is an object used to produce light continuously for a period of time using wick dipped in an oil-based fuel source.Cotton has been used as wick since long.

The process of making yarn from fibres is called spinning. For example cotton ,in this process, fibres from a mass of cotton wool are drawn out and twisted. This brings the fibres together to form a yarn. A simple device used for spinning is a hand spindle, also called takli.

Coir or coconut fibre, is a natural fibre extracted from the husk of coconut and used in products such as floor mats, doormats, brushes and mattresses. Coir is the fibrous material found between the hard, internal shell and the outer coat of a coconut.

India has been a major producer of cotton and its fabric. India exports cotton fabrics and items to many other countries.

Cotton is a Warm season (tropical) crop.It can be profitably grown in regions with rainfall of 850-1100 mm, but economic yields can not be realized in the region with a rainfall less than 500 mm. The ability to balance water draining and holding capacity is useful.Heavy black soils tend to offer less drainage.

Ans: a.

Because of climate. Cotton needs tropical wet and dry climate for production.

Jute is the crop of hot and humid climate.

Cotton is a soft, fluffy staple fiber that grows in a boll, or protective case, around the seeds of the cotton plants of the genus Gossypium in the mallow family.

Stapler fiber is a natural fiber (raw cotton, wool, hemp, flax) that can be twisted to form yarn.staple fibers vary widely in length"

Synthetic fibers, such as nylon and polyester, are considered filament fibers. The natural fiber silk is also a filament fiber.

Separation of lint and seed are done by combing.Ginning was traditionally done by hand.Now a days by machines.

The jute fiber comes from the stem and ribbon (outer skin) of the jute plant. The fibers are first extracted by retting. The retting process consists of bundling jute stems together and immersing them in slow running water.

Jute fibers are extracted by retting.There are two types of retting: stem and ribbon.

The suitable climate for growing jute is a warm and wet climate, which is offered by the monsoon climate during the fall season, immediately followed by summer. Temperatures ranging from 70–100 °F and relative humidity of 70%–80% are favorable for successful cultivation.

Jute is harvested any time between 120 days to 150 days when the flowers have been shed, early harvesting gives good healthy fibers.The plants are usually harvested after they flower, before the flowers go to seed.

As a part of the Independence movement,he encouraged people to wear clothes made of homespun yarn and shun imported cloth made in the mills of Britain.

The natural fiber silk is also a filament fiber, but when filament fibers are cut short, they are considered staple fibers.

In knitting, a single yarn is used to make a piece of fabric. In weaving, fabric is made by two sets of yarns arranged together.

A fabric is made up of two sets of yarns arranged together. The process of arranging two sets of yarns together to make a fabric is called weaving.

Jersy, Tricot, Sweater are made by kniting yarn while Muslin are made by weaving.

Satin, Brocade, Muslin are made by weaving yarns while Tricot is made by kniting.

Yarns for making fabric are too thinner to operate by hands and needles.Looms are hand or power operated.

Knitting is a method by which yarn is manipulated to create a textile or fabric. Knitting creates multiple loops of yarn, called stitches, in a line or tube.

Socks are made by single yarn ravelling continously.

Ans: d.

Ans: d.

Shirt is made after cutting and stitching fabric.

Ans: a.

On burning, cotton yarns burns but do not shrink or melt. The burning yarn gives an odour similar to burning paper.

The synthetic yarns shrink and burn. They also melt and give out an odour similar to burning plastics.

Asilk

The silk yarn shrinks away from the flame and burns but does not melt. It has the odour of charred meat.

The wool yarn also shrinks and burns but does not melt. It has a strong odour of burning hair.