Conservation of Plants

Sanctuary is an area set aside where animals and plants are brought to live and are reserved for wildlife where they can freely use the habitats and natural resources, national park is an area reserved for wildlife where they can freely use the habitats and natural resource. like khajiranga national park.

Deforestation means clearing the forest or stands of trees, and using that land for other purposes. Following are the main causes of deforestation

• Procuring land for cultivation
• Building houses and factories
• Making furniture or using wood as fuel.
• Some natural causes of deforestation are forest fires and severe droughts.

Deforestation increases the temperature and pollution level on the earth. It increases the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Ground water level also gets lowered. Deforestation disturbs the balance in nature. If cutting of trees continues, rainfall and the fertility of the soil will decrease. Apart from this there will be increased chances of natural calamities such as floods and droughts. Plants need carbon dioxide for photosynthesis. Fewer trees would mean that less carbon dioxide will be used up resulting in its increased amount in the atmosphere. This will lead to global warming as carbon dioxide traps the heat rays reflected by the earth. The increase in temperature on the earth disturbs the water cycle and may reduce rainfall. This could cause droughts. Deforestation also leads to a decrease in the water holding capacity of the soil.

Deforestation also leads to a decrease in the water holding capacity of the soil. The movement of water from the soil surface into the ground is reduced. So, there are floods. The other properties of the soil like nutrient content, texture, etc., also change because of deforestation. Less number of trees results in more soil erosion. Removal of the top layer of the soil exposes the lower, hard and rocky layers. This soil has less humus and is less fertile. Gradually the fertile land gets converted into deserts. It is called desertification.

Because of deforestation the temperature on earth may increase, and this may disturb the natural water cycle and may reduce rainfall, this condition is called draught.Deforestation also leads to change in soil properties, it may change the soil properties like nutrient content, texture, etc., . Less number of trees results in more soil erosion. Removal of the top layer of the soil exposes the lower, hard and rocky layers. This soil has less humus and is less fertile. Gradually the fertile land gets converted into deserts. It is called desertification

Biosphere reserves are the large areas of protected land meant for conservation of wild life, plants and animals resources and traditional life of the tribal residing in that area. It helps to maintain biodiversity and culture of that area. Like Pachmarhi biosphere reserves

The government lays down various rules, methods and policies for protection and conservation of wild life. Government are focussing on wildlife sanctuaries, national park, and biosphere reserves for conservation of plants and animals present in that area.

National park named Satpura and two wildlife sanctuaries named as Bori and Pachmarhi

The plants and animals found in a particular area are termed flora and fauna of that area. Sal, teak, mango, etc. are the flora and barking deer, cheetah, leopard, wild dog, wolf, etc. are examples of the fauna.

Major factor is human activity which involves deforestation. Deforestation also leads to a decrease in the water holding capacity of the soil. The movement of water from the soil surface into the ground is reduced. So, there are floods. The other properties of the soil like nutrient content, texture, etc., also change because of deforestation. Less number of trees results in more soil erosion. Removal of the top layer of the soil exposes the lower, hard and rocky layers. This soil has less humus and is less fertile. Gradually the fertile land gets converted into deserts. It is called desertification.

First of all by promoting afforestation that is by planting more and more plants, then by following rules and regulations made by government for prevention and conservation of these biodiversity.

Endemic species are those species of plants and animals which are found exclusively in a particular area. They are not naturally found anywhere else. A particular type of animal or plant may be endemic to a zone, a state or a country. Wild mango and Sal are two examples of the endemic flora. Bison, Indian giant squirrel and flying squirrel are endemic fauna.

1. Destruction of their natural habitats,
2. Increasing population which lead to clear land to be used by human beings for various purposes like making building, agriculture, industrialisation etc.
3. Introduction of new species in their region

Species is a group of population residing together in a particular area and are capable of interbreeding; the members of a species are capable of reproduction by mating with the members of their own species and not with member of other species.

Wild life sanctuaries is an area of protected land that provide protection and suitable living conditions to wild animals, killing or capturing of animals are strictly prohibited in a wild life sanctuary. Some of the threatened wild animals like black buck, marsh crocodile, rhinoceros etc. are protected and preserved in wild life sanctuaries. Wildlife Sanctuaries are the protected areas in which human interference are not allowed. These areas are completely free from the any kind of human renovation. Hunting and other related activities are also not allowed in these reserves.

National Park is an area reserved for wildlife where they can freely use the habitats and natural resource. Like khajiranga national park. National park contains extremely important habitats and species. This is protected areas in which human interference are not allowed. These areas are completely free from the any kind of human renovation. Hunting and other related activities are also not allowed in these reserves. The main aim of a National Park is

• To conserve and enhance the natural beauty, wildlife and cultural heritage present in it.
• To promote opportunities for the understanding and enjoyment of the special qualities (of the Park) by the public

Project Tiger is a wildlife conservation program administrated by National Tiger Conservation Authority in India since 1973. Project Tiger program is specially start for the protection of Tigers in India. This program finds out the reasons behind the declining population of tigers and tries to eliminate those factors to maximize their population. The main purpose behind this program is to protect and maintain the population of tigers in their natural habitat. It helps to increase their population and also save them from hunting and killing.

Those animals which are facing high risk of becoming extinct are called endangered animals. The main reason for this is their diminishing number, and they are threatened by changing environmental or predation parameter. Example: Tiger

Dinosaur is no longer living, because of disturbance in its natural habitat that causes difficulty in its survival and finally it gets extinct.

Tiger, Panda, some small animals like frog, lizard etc

All living and non-living components of environment are together called ecosystem, it includes plants, animals, and microorganisms in an area along with non-living components such as climate, soil, rivers etc.

The book which keeps the record of all endangered species including plants and animals. Red Data Book is different for animals, plants and other species. They are now being published in many different countries and provide useful information on the threat status of the species.

Migration is the behaviour of animals of flying in far away areas every year during a particular time because of change in climatic condition. Birds fly for laying eggs as weather in their natural habitat is not suitable for their survival and for laying eggs; such birds are called migratory birds, like S Flamingos, Siberian Cranes and Night heron.

About seventeen full grown trees are required to produce one tonne of paper. Paper can be recycled around five to seven times for use. We should save, reuse and recycle paper to save not only trees but also to save the energy, water and chemicals used to make paper.

Reforestation is the restocking of destroyed forests by planting new trees. We should plant more and more trees, we should plant at least as many trees as we cut. We have already caused a lot of damage to our forests. If we have to regain our green wealth, reforestation is the only option. Reforestation has following advantages:

1. Provides more oxygen
2. More room for wildlife
3. Cut down on CO2
4. Saves the planet

Deforestation means clearing the forest or stands of trees, and using that land for other purposes. Following are the main causes of deforestation

• Procuring land for cultivation
• Building houses and factories
• Making furniture or using wood as fuel.
• Some natural causes of deforestation are forest fires and severe droughts.

Biodiversity refers to the number and variety of various life forms like plants, animals microorganisms in an area, plants and animals are interdependent for survival. This means that the destruction of either of the two will automatically effect the survival of other, hence we should conserve our biodiversity to maintain the balance of nature.

There are some tribal who live in jungle and are totally dependent upon jungle for their food. They gather food, fodders and fallen branches of trees from forest and are dependent upon forest for their daily requirements.