Soil - Chapter Wise CBSE Solved Question and Answer Based On NCERT
Long Q&A:
Q1: Explain different types of soil found in India
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Ans:
Following are the different types of soil found in India
Late rite Soils: This typical soil is found in those regions which receive heavy rainfall. This soil is poor in lime content and hence it is more acidic. This soil contains least moisture content.It is basically red in colour because of the presence of iron oxides. It is more popular in the coastal regions of Ratnagiri District and Malabar.
Black Soil: It is black in colour due to presence of salt and large amount of humus. This soil becomes sticky when is wet. It does not contain adequate nitrogen but it contains sufficient phosphorous required for the growth of the plants.It is generally found in hilly areas.
Red and Yellow Soils: Red and yellow soils are found in areas, which receive low rainfall. They contain huge concentration of iron oxides that are responsible for giving the reddish or yellow colour.
Alluvial Soils: Alluvial Soils are mainly found in the plains of northern India. These soils have low phosphorous and nitrogen content and found in the north western regions of the country
Mountain Soils: Mountain soils are considered as a significant variety of soil in the Himalayan region of the country. They are mainly found in dry and cold district in the northern region of India.
Q2: 2. Sonia conducted an experiment in the field related to the rate of percolation. She observed that it took 60 minutes for 360 ml of water to percolate through the soil sample, calculate the rate of percolation.
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Ans:
2. Percolation rate= amount of water (mL)/ Percolation time (min)
So, Percolation rate= 360 mL / 60 min= 6 mL /min
Q3: Explain the process of weathering, its type and importance in forming soil
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Ans:
The soil is formed by the breaking down of rocks by the action of wind, water and climate. This process is called weathering, it broke down soil into small pieces that get mixed with humus and form soil. There are two different types of weathering. Physical weathering and chemical weathering.Mechanical (physical) weathering is the breakdown of rock into smaller particles due to such factors as freezing and thawing, release of pressure, water absorption, salt crystal formation, land mass uplift, expansion and contraction from the sun or fire, plant root growth, actions of animals, abrasion, or other means that do not directly affect the rock's chemistry. Chemical weathering is the dissolution, carbonation, oxidation, or hydrolysis of rock and mineral by chemical means only, mostly from reactions with water or the acids contained in rainwater. Other materials are formed in the process. Warm, tropical climates are ideal environments for chemical weathering to take place as the chemical reactions are quickened by the bountiful rain and warm temperatures.
