Eighteen Century Political Formation - Chapter Wise CBSE Solved Question and Answer Based On NCERT
Long Q&A:
Q1: When did Sikhs emerge as a stronger community?
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Ans:
Sikhs became political community during seventeenth century. The Khalsa sought to defend the Sikh community from oppression by Mughal rulers. Sikh fought with Mughal officials. Under Guru Govind Singh, they fought several battles against Mughal rulers. After the death of Guru Govind Singh, Banda Bahadur established the Sikh rule and administration over territory between Sutlej & Jamuna.
Q2: What were the different overlapping group of states that emerged in the 18th Century after the decline of the Mughal Empire?
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Ans:
Through the eighteenth century, the Mughal Empire gradually fragmented into a number of independent, regional states. Broadly speaking the states of the eighteenth century can be divided into three overlapping groups:
States that were old Mughal provinces like Awadh, Bengal and Hyderabad. Although extremely powerful and quite independent, the rulers of these states did not break their formal ties with the Mughal emperor.
States that had enjoyed considerable independence under the Mughals as watan jagirs. These included several Rajput principalities.
The last group included states under the control of Marathas, Sikhs and others like the Jats. These were of differing sizes and had seized their independence from the Mughals after a long-drawn armed struggle.
