Respiration in Organisms
Respiration in Organisms - NCERT Guide Science Class 7
Q1: Why does athlete breathe faster and deeper than usual after finishing the race?
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Ans:
An athlete needs more energy during the race and after. Since demand for the energy is high the breakdown of food must be speeded up. This requires more oxygen to be supplied. This is why an athlete not only breathes fast, but also take deep breathes and thus inhale more oxygen.
Q2: List the similarities and differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
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Ans:
Solution: The following table shows the similarities and differences between aerobic andanaerobic respiration:
| Aerobic Respiration |
Anaerobic Respiration |
- It is the process of breakdown of glucose in the presence of oxygen.
- Glucose is completely oxidized
- The end products formed are CO2, H2O and energy.
- Energy released is more.
- It takes place in all higherorganisms.
- Reaction is:
Glucose + Oxygen
Carbon dioxide + Energy
|
- It is the process of breakdown of glucose in the absence of oxygen.
- Glucose is incompletely oxidized.
- The end products formed are CO2, ethyl alcohol and energy.
- Energy released is less.
- It takes place in lower organismslike yeast and muscles of man.
- Reaction is: Glucose=Ethyl alcohol + CO2 + Energy
|
Q3: Why we often sneeze when we inhale a lot of dust-laden air?
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Ans:
The air around us has various types of unwanted suspended particles like- smoke, dust, pollens etc. When we inhale these particles get trapped in the hair present in our nasal cavity. However, sometimes these particles may get past the hair present in our nasal cavity. Then they irritate the lining of the cavity as a result of which we sneeze. Sneezing expels these foreign particles from the inhaled air and a dust-free, clean air enters our body.
Q4: Tick the correct answer:
1. In cockroaches air enters the body through
- lungs
- gills
- spiracles
- skin
2. During heavy exercise, we get cramps in the legs due to the accumulation of
- carbon dioxide
- lactic acid
- alcohol
- water
3. Normal range of breathing rate per minute in an average adult person at rest is -
- 9-12
- 15-18
- 21-24
- 30-33
4. During exhalation, the ribs
- move outwards
- move downwards
- move upwards
- do not move at all
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Q5: Match the items in Column I with those in Column II:
| Column I |
Column II |
- Yeast
- Diaphragm
- Skin
- Leaves
- Fish
- Frog
|
- Earthworm
- Gills
- Alcohol
- Chest cavity
- Lungs and skin
- Trachea
|
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Ans:
1-c, 2-d, 3-a, 4-e, 5-b, 6-d,
Q6: Mark true (T) and false (F)
- During heavy exercise the breathing rate of a person slows down
- Plants carry out photosynthesis only during the day and respiration only at night.
- Frogs breathe through their skins as well as their lungs
- The fishes have lungs for respiration.
- The size of the chest cavity increases during the inhalation.
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