Natural Vegetation

Due to irregular distribution of land water on the surface, sensitive envelope of gas and different angles at which the rays of the sun reach the earth are the responsible factors of the world’s diversity of climate.

Different type of natural forest is

1. Tropical evergreen forest
2. Tropical deciduous forest
3. Temperate evergreen forest
4. Temperate deciduous forest
5. Mediterranean vegetation
6. Coniferous forest

The equatorial rain forest regions as the name indicates are found near the equator between 0 to 10 degree north and south of the equator. It lies in three continents of Asia, Africa and South America.

They absorb the large amount of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and exhale a huge amount of oxygen. Hence they are known as Lungs of the world.

These forests are the monsoon forest found in the large part of India, Northern Australia and in Central America. These regions experience seasonal changes. Trees shed their leaves in the dry season to conserve water.

Sal, teek, neem and shisham are the hardwood trees found in tropical deciduous forest.

The temperate evergreen forests are found in mid latitudinal coastal region. They are commonly found along the eastern part margin of the continents, e.g. in south East Brazil.

Tropical grassland occurs on either side of the equator and extends till the tropics. This vegetation grows in the areas of moderate to low amount of rainfall. The grass can grow about 3 to 4 metres in height. Savanna grassland of Africa is of this type.

Taiga means pure or untouched in the Russian language.

The coniferous are found in the higher altitudes of 50 to 70 degree northern hemisphere. These forests are also seen in the higher altitudes.

These are found in the in the dry desert like region. Tropical desert are located on the western margin of the continents. The vegetation cover is scarce here because of scanty rain and searching heat.

Tropical grass land is found in-

1. West African Sudan and its caved southward extension into east Africa and South Africa.
2. The Llanos of the Orinoco basin.
3. The Campos of Brazilian highlands.
4. Part of Australia on both side of the tropic of Capricorn.