CBSE Important Questions

DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH

Eg  :

Dir : Ram said to Ramu “I am going to cinema this evening."
InDir : Ram told Ramu that he was going to cinema that evening.

RULES WHILE CHANGING FROM DIRECT TO INDIRECT

• Change the tense form of the verb.
  
  

  Present	Past
  Present continuous	Past continuous
  Present perfect	Past perfect.
  Present perfect continuous	Past perfect continuous
  Past	Past perfect
  Shall	Should
  Will	Would
  May	Might
  Can	Could

  
  
• Change the pronouns according to the subject.
• Change the following column A as column B
  
  

  COLUMN-A	COLUMN-B
  Now	Then
  This	That
  These	Those
  Tomorrow	The next day
  Yesterday	The day before
  Thus	So
  Today	That day
  Here	There
  Ago	Before
  Last	Previous

  
  
• Remove “said to” and add the reporting conjunction “THAT” in affirmative sentences.
• In requesting and commanding sentences add “TO”.
• In interrogative sentences there is no reporting word.
• In exclamatory sentences remove the exclamating word and change the tense.

EXCEPTIONS WHILE CHANGING FROM DIRECT TO INDIRECT

When the sentence is

• Universal truth
• Habitual fact
• Historical event
• State of affairs which still exits
• Imagining statements
• If the reporting word is in present tense the tense does not change