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CBSE Guess > eBooks > Class XII > Business Studies By Dorothy Mathias

Chapter – 1 Nature & Significance Of Management (2+5 =7 marks)

“Management is a learned DISCIPLINE”. Comment

• Discipline is a subject that can be studied, organized and taught. (SOT)
• It should meet the basic requirements such as:-
  • It should be acceptable
  • It should be capable of discovering knowledge, which can be verified, passed on to others and can be successfully applied.
• A large number of schools, colleges & universities have introduced management courses.
• It has got experts, thinkers and philosophers of the subject.
• These experts are devoted to impart their skill of the subject to learners of the discipline.
• They follow a code of conduct prescribed for them.
• As such we can conclude that management is a discipline

Explain in brief “MANAGEMENT AS AN ACTIVITY” – 2 marks

• Management is a human activity that (PC-DOS) plans, controls, directs and organizes the efforts of all employees in the best interest of the organization and society.
• For this the human and physical resources should be integrated in such a way that there is minimum waste of material, time and energy.
• It takes decisions on the following activities:
  • The goals of the organization
  • The activities to achieve the goals of the organization.
  • The people who will perform those activities of the organization.
  • The allocation of resources for the various activities of the organization.
  • It leads by doing oneself what it wants others to do; and
  • It directs the subordinates by showing & encouraging them to do things the right way.

Who are considered to be the operative management in an organization? State any two functions of lower level management –2 marks

• The first line/operative or low level management includes supervisors, foreman and Inspectors.
• They are a link between middle level management and workers
  They have the following functions (any 2 functions)
  • They represent the workers’ grievances before the management
  • They procure tools, materials required for the job
  • They assign duties to workers and guide them in handling their jobs
  • They prevent wastage of materials by negligent workers

Who are regarded as MIDDLE LEVEL MANAGEMENT in a business organisation? – 2 marks

• Middle management consists of departmental heads and other executive officers of different departments
• They execute the policies framed by the top management.
• They are a link between the top management and supervisory or lower level of management

State any two functions of middle level management – 2 marks

Their functions are as follows: (any two functions)

• They plan the operations of their department
• They prepare the organizational set up of their department.
• Find out suitable personnel and assign duties to them for execution of their department functions.