Q. 14. What are the merits and demerits or Bi-party system?
Ans.Merits
1. Stable Government:- The government in this government is very stable as it comes to power by a majority and thus, there will be continuity of policies and programmes.
2. Strong Opposition:- The opposition will be very strong and effective as only one party forms the opposition.
Demerits
1. Undemocratic:- sometimes Bi-party is considered as undemocratic as the ideological choice is very limited between two parties. The opinion of people cannot be expressed properly.
2. Cabinet Dictatorship:- as the party comes by an absolute majority it is difficult to remove it as it can result dictatorship of the cabinet.
Q. 15. How do the political parties help in the formation of public opinion? Explain.
Ans.
1. Political parties shape the public opinion. They raise the highlight issues. Parties have lakh of members and activists spread all over the country.
2. Many of the pressure groups are the extensions of political parties among different sections of the society.
3. Parties sometimes also launch movements for the solution of problems faced by the people. Often opinions in the society crystallize on the lies parties take.
Q.16 n Explain the role of opposition.
Ans.
1. The party which fails to form government, constitutes the opposition, and performs the most important functions of criticism of the working of government, its policies and its failures.
2. They check the government from assuming dictatorial powers. The opposition party moves the adjournment and the no confidence motion in the Legislature.
3. The function of the opposition is said to be to oppose, to expose and to depose. In this way, they aim at ensuring good governance in the country.
Q. 17. Distinguish between a political party and a pressure group.
Ans .Political Party
1. It is a group of people, who come together to contest elections.
2. Political parties are generally of two types (National Party and regional party).
3. Political parties contest elections.
4. Example. BJP, Congress etc.
Pressure Group
1. It is group of people, who seek to promote the interests of a particular section or society.
2. Pressure groups are also of two types (Sectional and public interest groups).
3. They do not contest elections.
4. Example, The Trade Unions and All Indian Sikh Students Federations.
Q. 18. What are the various challenges faced by political parties?
Ans.
1. Lack of Internal Democracy:- Party do not hold organizational meetings and do not conduct internal elections regularly. They do not have the means or the connections needed to influence the decisions.
2. Unfair Advantage and dynastic succession:- Since most political parties do not practice open and transparent procedures for their functions, there are very few ways for an ordinary worker to rise to the top in a party.
3. Money and Muscle Power:- Growing role of money and muscle power in parties especially during the elections. Since parties are focused only on winning elections, they tend to use shortcuts to win elections.
4. Absence of Meaningful Choice:- Very often parties do not seen to offer a meaningful choice to the voters. In order to offer meaningful choice, parties must be significantly different.
