Understanding Diversity

People of different religions and faiths have freedom to practice and follow their religion.

Diversity means "variety" and "being different". It is a product of different geography, culture and history. Diversity is more than just tolerating the differences. It is respecting and understanding the varying differences among individuals in society.

Diversity adds a lot of things in human lives. Diversity in the form of art and literature, clothes, food, festivals and languages becomes the part and parcel of our lives. Hence, it gives a new outlook to the people about the rich heritage of India

The migration of people is the main cause of diversity. In ancient period people migrate from one part of the world to another part. They travelled in ships, on horses or camels or on foot. People migrated in search of jobs, for new lands or for trade relation Few people migrated because of the natural calamities like, drought and famine. War was also one of the important causes for the people to migrate to a place where they could live happily

Inequality means the unavailability of resources and opportunities for different people. The caste system is an example of inequality. Inequality has various forms like:- Economic inequality comprises all disparities in the distribution of economic assets and income. Social inequality refers to a lack of social equality, where individuals in a society do not have equal social status, adequate provisions of healthcare facilities etc.

Political inequality is where people are not given the voting rights, freedom of speech and assembly, freedom to contest elections and so on.

Nehru said that India's unity is not something imposed from outside but that it is something deeper and within its fold, the widest tolerance of belief and custom is practiced and every variety acknowledged and even encouraged.

The British Army officer Dyer had commanded his troops to enter into the Jallianwalla Bagh on Baisakhi Day (April 13) and opened fire without a warning to the unarmed protestors, who were demanding an end to British rule in India. Dyer's troops fired and killed hundreds and stopped only when they ran out of ammunition. The Bagh, enclosed from all four sides with buildings, had only one main entrance that was blocked by Dyer's troops. Other smaller gates were locked and people fleeing from the firing were shot. Many of them jumped to their death in a well inside the garden.

The Ladakh economy traditionally been based on the small farms and on herding. The economy of Ladakh is stable and self reliant agricultural economy. Pashm, Ladakh's only export apart from dried apricots, is the main source of cash income. With the development of tourism sector, its economy has further been strengthened.

The term communalism refers to the tendency of socio- religious groups of a sectarian exploitation of social traditions as a medium of political moblisation to promote political, social and economic intersts of one group even at the expense of or in an antagonistic conditions of other groups.

Manipur: A traditional manipur costumes for women includes a shawl called Innaphi, a Phanek and a wrap around skirt called sarong. Tripura: The women of Tripura wear Rinai a long and broad cloth draped around the waist and reaches the knees

Pheran and Kasaba are the two popular costumes of Ladakh.

The lakes, canals, inlets and rivers in Kerala are interconnected waterways that form the backwaters in Kerala

The book gives a complete view of Indian history, philosophy and culture. Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru studied the history of India starting from the Indus civilisation to Aryans invasion and then to the British rule. The effect of these people on Indian culture and their incorporation to Indian society was examined in the book]

The saffron colour indicates renunciation of disinterestedness(impartial). The white in the centre marks the path of truth to guide our conduct. The green shows our relation to soil, to the plant life here on which all other life depends. The Ashoka wheel in the centre is the wheel of law of dharma.

The two important festivals that are celebrated in India by the Muslims are:
Muharram: The festival celebrates the martyrdom of the Prophet Mohammed’s grandson, Hazrat Imam Hussein. The Shia Muslim community celebrates it in a grand manner. Id-ul- Fitr: Id-Ul-Fitr is also known as the festival of breaking of the fast. It is celebrated at the end of the month Ramadan. It is an occasion of feasting and rejoicing

Famine is a phenomenon in which a large percentage of populations of a country are undernourished. It is usually associated with crop failure. The two great famines that India experienced were the first Bengal famine, 1770 and the second Bengal famine of 1943

A drought is a dry weather that persists long enough to cause problems such as crop damage and water supply shortages. The two states that are severely affected by drought are Rajasthan and Gujarat

Assam is a northeastern state of India. It is famous for Assam tea and silk. A land of high rainfall, the place is endowed with lush greenery and the mighty river Brahmapurta. Major religions of the state are Hinduism and Islam. Bihu is the important festival celebrated in Assam. It is the home of varieties of citrus fruits and leaf vegetables

Right speech and Right action. Buddhism is a dominant religion in Korea, Japan, China and many parts of South East Asia.

India does not have a uniform culture. It has diversity of cultural practices, languages, custom and tradition. People of India get an opportunity to enjoy all these diverse nature in their day to day life. (Individual Answers)

Ladakh was a major trading centre on the Silk route between China and the Mediterranean. It was considered to be a good trade route as it had many passes through which caravans travelled to Tibet. As a result, Ladakh came to be known as ‘Land of Passes’. The caravans carried textiles and spices, raw silk and carpets.

Pashmina shawls are expensive shawls in the markets of Ladakh and in the other parts of India. The reason being that the wool comes from mountain goats called Changra and only a small portion of the goat hair can be used to make pure Pashmina. The manufacturing of shawls requires great skill. The wool is famous for its softness, warmth lightness and beautiful dyes

No, the climate of Ladakh is not suitable for agriculture. The region receives very less rainfall and is covered by snow for a large part of the year

Ladakh was considered as a good trade route as it had many passes through which caravans travelled to Tibet. Caravans were used to carry goods to Tibet. Ladakh carried goods like textiles, spices, raw silk and carpets.

The lack of equality. E.g. "The growing inequality between rich and poor". Inequality comes about when a person does not have the opportunities and resources that are available to other persons. The caste system is another example of inequality.